南美白对虾响应急冷与无水暴露双重胁迫的生理变化特征

doi:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20211007-055

食品科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (1): 215-221.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20211007-055

南美白对虾响应急冷与无水暴露双重胁迫的生理变化特征

刘澂，吴嘉鑫，徐德峰，孙力军，秦小明，范秀萍

（1.广东海洋大学食品科技学院，广东湛江 524088；2.广东省水产品加工与安全重点实验室，广东湛江 524088；3.大连工业大学精深加工关键技术省部共建协同创新中心，辽宁大连 116034）

出版日期:2023-01-15 发布日期:2023-01-31
基金资助:
“十三五”国家重点研发计划重点专项（2019YFD0901601）；国家自然科学基金面上项目（31772048）；广东海洋大学自然科学基金项目（C16396）

Physiological Changes of Penaeus vannamei in Response to Combined Stress of Acute Cold Exposure and Waterless Duration

LIU Cheng, WU Jiaxin, XU Defeng, SUN Lijun, QIN Xiaoming, FAN Xiuping

(1. College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; 2. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Zhanjiang 524088, China; 3. Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China)

Online:2023-01-15 Published:2023-01-31

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为揭示南美白对虾响应急冷与无水暴露双重胁迫的生理调节机制，优化南美白对虾无水保活运输管理和提升运输存活质量，本实验模拟南美白对虾无水保活流通环境，探究急冷（acute cold exposure，AC）与无水暴露（waterless duration，WD）双重胁迫（AC＋WD）对南美白对虾机体代谢途径及肝胰腺组织结构的影响。结果表明，在胁迫进程中，对虾血清乳酸（lactic acid，LD）浓度、肝胰腺和肌肉中乳酸脱氢酶（lactate dehydrogenase，LDH）活力上升，血清LDH、己糖激酶（hexokinase，HK）、琥珀酸脱氢酶（succinate dehydrogenase，SDH）、磷酸果糖激酶（phosphofructokinase，PFK）、丙酮酸激酶（pyruvate kinase，PK）、Na＋/K＋-ATPase活力均先升高后降低，而肌肉三磷酸腺苷（adenosine triphosphate，ATP）和肝胰腺糖原（glycogen，Gn）含量降低。复苏后血清葡萄糖（glucose，Glu）和LD浓度分别为（23.92±0.59）mmol/L和（6.27±0.32）mmol/L，仍显著高于正常对照（normal control，NC）组（P＜0.05），肌肉中ATP和Gn含量分别为（4.88±0.31）μmol/g和（1.74±0.10）mg/g，显著低于NC组（P＜0.05），其余指标均恢复至NC组水平。表明AC＋WD双重胁迫进程中，前3 h南美白对虾糖酵解反应加快，此时仍以有氧呼吸为主，3 h后糖异生反应加强，且以无氧代谢为主，保活9 h其代谢紊乱，但复苏2 h后能基本恢复，表明胁迫进程中机体发生了一系列代偿性调节，同时胁迫进程中肝胰腺组织结构受损。研究结果揭示了南美白对虾响应AC＋WD双重胁迫的生理变化特征和组织结构基础，可为后续代谢失衡的靶向控制提供理论依据。

关键词: 南美白对虾；保活流通；应激；代谢响应；肝胰腺

Abstract: To elucidate the physiological regulation mechanism of Penaeus vannamei in response to combined stress of acute cold exposure and waterless duration, and provide a solid foundation for waterless live transport management and improvement in the survival rate, the effects of acute cold exposure combined with waterless duration on the metabolic homeostasis and hepatopancreas histopathology of Penaeus vannamei were explored under conditions simulating waterless live transport. The results showed that the level of lactic acid (LD) in the hemolymph and the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the hepatopancreas and muscle increased, the activities of LDH, hexokinase (HK), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), phosphofructokinase (PFK) and Na+/K+-ATPase in the hemolymph increased initially and then decreased with increasing waterless duration, while the contents of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and glycogen decreased. After resuscitation, the concentrations of glucose (Glu) and LD in the hemolymph were (23.92 ± 0.59) and (6.27 ± 0.32) mmol/L, respectively, and were still significantly higher than those in the normal control group (P < 0.05); the contents of ATP and glycogen in muscle tissues were (4.88 ± 0.31) μmol/g and (1.74 ± 0.10) mg/g, respectively, and were significantly lower than those in the normal control group (P < 0.05). The other indices tested returned to the normal levels. The glycolysis reaction of Penaeus vannamei accelerated with increasing waterless duration from 0 to 3 h, and aerobic respiration was the major respiration pattern. After 3 h, the gluconeogenesis reaction was strengthened, and the anaerobic metabolism was dominant. A waterless duration of 9 h resulted in metabolic disorder, but it could be restored after resuscitation. These findings show that the combined stress of acute cold exposure and waterless duration results in compensatory adjustments in Penaeus vannamei and causes damage to the structure of hepatopancreas, which will provide a theoretical basis for targeted control of metabolism imbalance.

Key words: Penaeus vannamei; live transport; stress; metabolic response; hepatopancreas

中图分类号:

TS254.1

刘澂，吴嘉鑫，徐德峰，孙力军，秦小明，范秀萍. 南美白对虾响应急冷与无水暴露双重胁迫的生理变化特征[J]. 食品科学, 2023, 44(1): 215-221.

LIU Cheng, WU Jiaxin, XU Defeng, SUN Lijun, QIN Xiaoming, FAN Xiuping. Physiological Changes of Penaeus vannamei in Response to Combined Stress of Acute Cold Exposure and Waterless Duration[J]. FOOD SCIENCE, 2023, 44(1): 215-221.

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南美白对虾响应急冷与无水暴露双重胁迫的生理变化特征

Physiological Changes of Penaeus vannamei in Response to Combined Stress of Acute Cold Exposure and Waterless Duration

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