食品科学

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超声微波协同水蒸气蒸馏-GC-MS分析南、北五味子挥发油化学成分

李 昕1,聂 晶1,高正德1,李祖光1,*,邓丰涛2,吴先伟2   

  1. 1.浙江工业大学化学工程学院,浙江 杭州 310014;2.聚光科技(杭州)股份有限公司,浙江 杭州 310052
  • 出版日期:2014-04-25 发布日期:2014-05-13
  • 通讯作者: 李祖光
  • 基金资助:

    浙江省本科院校中青年学科带头人学术攀登项目(Pd2013016);
    科技部重大科学仪器设备开发专项(2012YQ060027;2013YQ060615);浙江省科技厅钱江人才资助项目(2010R10044);
    人力资源与社会保障部2011年度留学人员科技活动择优资助项目(2011443)

Analysis of Volatile Oils from Fruits of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill and Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd. et Wils. by Ultrasonic-Microwave Assisted Steam Distillation Coupled with Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

LI Xin1, NIE Jing1, GAO Zheng-de1, LI Zu-guang1,*, DENG Feng-tao2, WU Xian-wei2   

  1. 1. College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China;
    2. Focused Photonics (Hangzhou) Inc., Hangzhou 310052, China
  • Online:2014-04-25 Published:2014-05-13
  • Contact: LI Zu-guang

摘要:

采用传统水蒸气蒸馏(steam distillation,SD)和超声微波协同水蒸气蒸馏(ultrasonic-microwave assisted steam distillation,UMASD)两种方法分别提取南五味子和北五味子中的挥发油,用气相色谱-质谱联用技术分析鉴 定,比较两种方法对挥发油收率和成分的影响以及不同品种五味子挥发油化学成分的差异。两种方法SD、UMASD 提取的南五味子的挥发油收率分别为1.2%、1.4%;北五味子的挥发油收率分别为1.3%、1.8%。根据保留指数和 NIST库检索匹配等方法进行定性分析,南五味子共鉴定出化合物种类分别为50、54 种;北五味子共鉴定出化合物 种类分别为54、55 种。结果表明:挥发油中主要含有醇、酯和烃类化合物,且由于产地和前处理方法不同,各种 挥发油的含量和成分有一定的差异。两种方法均使用水作为溶剂,具有绿色环保无污染的优点;UMASD法较SD法 挥发油收率略有提高;SD法萃取时间需要6 h,UMASD法将萃取时间缩短至1 h。UMASD是一个高效、快速、简 单、节能和绿色环保的新型挥发油提取技术。

关键词: 超声微波协同, 水蒸气蒸馏, 气相色谱-质谱法, 挥发油, 南、北五味子

Abstract:

In this study, the chemical components of volatile oils from the fruits of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill
and Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd. et Wils. were extracted using either ultrasonic-microwave assisted steam distillation
(UMASD) or traditional steam distillation (SD) and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The yield of
volatile oil extracted by SD and UMASD was 1.2% and 1.4% from Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd. et Wils. fruits, and 1.3%
and 1.8% from Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill fruits, respectively. The results of qualitative analysis based on retention
index through NIST spectral library searching showed that 50 and 54 compounds were identified from the volatile oils from
Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd. et Wils. fruits extracted by SD and UMASD, respectively, and 54 and 55 compounds in
the volatile oils from Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill extracted by the two methods, respectively. The four volatile oils
mainly consisted of alcohols, ketones, esters and alkyl compounds. Their composition and contents varied depending on
location and sample pretreatment. The SD process took 6 h, while the extraction time was shortened to 1 h for UMASD. The
present study suggestes that UMASD is an efficient, rapid, simple and green technique for the extraction of volatile oil from
plant matrices.

Key words: 超声微波协同, 水蒸气蒸馏, 气相色谱-质谱法, 挥发油, 南、北五味子

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