食品科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (13): 184-191.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20210623-273

• 包装贮运 • 上一篇    

不同养殖模式及流通方式的大黄鱼品质评价和等级判定

石钰琢,郭全友,郑尧,黄海潮,李保国   

  1. (1.上海理工大学健康科学与工程学院,上海 200093;2.中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,上海 200090)
  • 发布日期:2022-07-27
  • 基金资助:
    中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费资助项目(2020TD68); 中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2021M01)

Quality Evaluation and Grading of Pseudosciaena crocea Cultured in Different Aquaculture Modes and Circulated under Different Conditions

SHI Yuzhuo, GUO Quanyou, ZHENG Yao, HUANG Haichao, LI Baoguo   

  1. (1. School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; 2. East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, China)
  • Published:2022-07-27

摘要: 本实验通过跟踪筏式网箱、通框网箱、深水网箱、深海围网4 种不同养殖模式和冰鲜、冷冻2 种典型流通方式下的养殖大黄鱼品质参数(形体指标、弹性、粗脂肪质量分数、体表b*值(黄蓝度)、感官评分及总挥发性盐基氮含量),结合现有标准T/CROAKER001—2018《高品质养殖大黄鱼评定规则》,对其品质进行综合评价和等级判定。结果表明:深海围网养殖大黄鱼的各项指标具有更高的优级品率,接近野生大黄鱼;流通过程中,冰台(ice platform,IP)组、解冻冰台(thawing ice platform,TIP)组和冻藏(freezing storage,FS)组品质逐渐劣变,其中TIP组劣变速度最快,贮藏至第2天,其鲜度已达不到优级品标准,b*值在14 h时降至25;FS组冻藏至30 d时判定为优级品,至180 d时弹性、总挥发性盐基氮含量及感官评分等接近不可接受终点。综合品质评价结果表明,深海围网养殖大黄鱼的优级品率为62.5%,IP和TIP组分别贮藏至第3、2天时,不能被判定为优级品,FS组冻藏30 d后不能被判定为优级品,本研究可为养殖大黄鱼在原料养殖和贮藏期间的品质调控提供参考。

关键词: 大黄鱼;养殖模式;流通;品质特性

Abstract: The quality of fresh Pseudosciaena crocea cultured in four different aquaculture modes, namely, raft cages, through-frame cages, deep-water net cages and deep-sea seine, and those cultured in deep-sea seine and stored under one of the two typical distribution conditions of chilling and freezing was comprehensively evaluated by measuring body size parameters, springiness, crude fat content, surface color (yellowness/blueness, b*), sensory evaluation score and total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) content, and their quality grading was performed according to the standard Rules for the Evaluation of High Quality Cultured Pseudosciaena crocea (T/CROAKER001–2018). The results showed that seine net cultured Pseudosciaena crocea had a higher rate of superior quality, which was close to that of wild Pseudosciaena crocea; during the circulation process, the quality of Pseudosciaena crocea from the ice platform (IP) group, thawing ice platform (TIP) group and frozen storage (FS) group gradually deteriorated, among which the TIP group had the fastest rate of quality deterioration. On the second day of storage, its freshness failed to reach the standard for superior quality, and its b* value fell to below 25 at 14 h. The quality of Pseudosciaena crocea from the FS group was judged to be superior on the 30th day of frozen storage, and on the 180th day, the springiness, TVB-N content and sensory score were close to the unacceptable end point. The overall quality evaluation showed that the superiority rate of deep-sea seine cultured Pseudosciaena crocea was 62.5%, while the quality of Pseudosciaena crocea from the IP and TIP groups could not be judged to be superior at the 3rd and 2nd day of storage, respectively, and the quality of Pseudosciaena crocea from the FS group could not be judged to be superior after 30 days of freezing. The results of this study can provide a reference for the quality control of cultured Pseudosciaena crocea during farming and postmortem storage.

Key words: Pseudosciaena crocea; aquaculture modes; circulation; quality characteristics

中图分类号: