Abstract:

As a functional gene, toxin-antitoxin system (TAS) is present widely in bacteria and archaea. Five types of TAS
have been discovered until now. The TAS in more than 75 species of Lactobacillus rhamnosus has been identified. TAS
could regulate the genes such as changing the type of bacterial flagellum and controlling the toxicity of toxins, change
the metabolism of bacteria under stress conditions, and metamorphose cells into persistent cells in medium with high
concentration of antibiotics. In this review, we summarize recent progress in studying the TAS of L. rhamnosusin and its
classification, aiming to provide a solid theoretical foundation for future research and application in the food industry.

Key words: Lactobacillus rhamnosus, toxin-antitoxin system (TAS), application