食品科学 ›› 2013, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (21): 354-358.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201321071

• 专题论述 • 上一篇    下一篇

免疫乳作用机制研究进展

王玉芳,庞广昌*   

  1. 天津市食品生物技术重点实验室,天津商业大学生物技术与食品科学学院,天津 300134
  • 收稿日期:2013-05-17 修回日期:2013-10-08 出版日期:2013-11-15 发布日期:2013-10-28
  • 通讯作者: 庞广昌 E-mail:573476084@qq.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(30871951);“十二五”国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD29B07)

Research Advances in Action Mechanisms of Immune Milk

WANG Yu-fang,PANG Guang-chang*   

  1. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, China
  • Received:2013-05-17 Revised:2013-10-08 Online:2013-11-15 Published:2013-10-28
  • Contact: PANG Guang-chang E-mail:573476084@qq.com

摘要:

免疫乳是对动物,例如奶牛、奶羊等进行免疫接种所获得的初乳加工制品。免疫乳除含有基本的营养物质之外,还含有丰富的免疫球蛋白、细胞因子和多种天然生物活性成分,它们对人体的保健与一些疾病的预防和治疗具有重要作用。其中,起主要作用的是抗体IgG。对于哺乳动物而言,新生动物免疫球蛋白Fc受体(FcRn)作为运载体能够识别结合并协助Fc跨过黏膜上皮屏障、胎盘屏障将IgG转运给胎儿和婴幼儿从而进入血液循环。IgG的Fc端能够和多种先天免疫细胞上的Fc受体结合并发挥被动免疫作用,这种母亲和胎儿、母亲和婴幼儿之间的免疫传递对于胎儿和婴幼儿抵御各种疾病的感染具有极其重要的意义。但是,通过免疫动物所生产的免疫乳是否可以避免胃肠道的消化和降解,完整地被人体吸收并发挥免疫作用一直备受质疑。尽管如此,免疫乳已经在很多实验和实践中证明的确具有一定的治疗作用,并已经有多种产品上市。本文将对免疫乳可能的作用机制进行综述。

关键词: 免疫乳, 抗体IgG, FcRn, 作用机制

Abstract:

Immune milk is a kind of processed colostrum products, which can be obtained from cows, sheep, or goats with a
specific vaccination or immunization. Besides the essential nutrients, immune milk mainly contains abundant immunoglobulins,
cytokines, and a variety of natural biologically active components with multiple roles of healthcare, disease prevention
and therapeutic functions. The major functional component of immune milk is antibody IgG. In term of mammals, neonatal
Fc receptor (FcRn) as a vector can facilitate IgG to pass through mucosal epithelial and placental barrier of fetus and infants,
and enter blood circulation. The Fc of IgG can be combined with various Fc receptors on innate immune cells to exert passive
immunity. This immunization delivery between mother and fetus has extremely important significance for fetus and
infant against the infection of various diseases. Whether immune milk can avoid gastrointestinal digestion and degradation
in human to fulfill these roles is still unclear. Immune milk has been proved to have certain therapeutic effect in many experiments
and practices, and a variety of products have already been put in the market. Therefore, the possible action mechanisms
of immune milk are reviewed in this article.

Key words: immune milk, antibody IgG, FcRn, action mechanism

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