关键词: 余甘子, 盈玉, 糯种, 果实性状, 果实品质

Abstract: The fruit characters, juice and flesh nutrient components and seed oil composition of two new varieties (Yingyu and Nuozhong) of Phyllanthus emblica L. cultivated in Chuxiong, Yunnan province were analyzed in comparison with those of cultivated ungrafted Phyllanthus emblica L. (CUPE) and wild Phyllanthus emblica L. (WPE). The results indicated significant differences in fruit characters between the new varieties, CUPE and WPE; the new varieties showed greater single fruit mass with a more bright and transparent appearance. Despite a decrease in the levels of VC and phenols, the flesh percentage and water content of the new varieties were significantly higher than those of WPE, accompanied by an increase in the contents of protein and starch in flesh. The types and amounts of volatile components in four fresh samples were significantly different, which indicates that the new varieties have their own unique flavor. Furthermore, we found that the seeds of Yingyu and WPE contained lesser amounts of oil and that the degree of unsaturation of seed oils was lower than that of two other samples, suggesting that Yingyu and WPE are not suitable for oil production. Based on all these results, the new varieties Yingyu and Nuozhong have greater potential for development and utilization in term of fruit size, yield and taste.

Key words: Phyllanthus emblica L., Yingyu, Nuozhong, fruit characters, fruit quality