食品科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (7): 245-254.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20190401-008

• 专题论述 • 上一篇    下一篇

鸡蛋消费与胆固醇稳态相关性研究进展

徐亦驰,彭诗怡,杨芳   

  1. (湖北中医药大学检验学院,湖北 武汉 430065)
  • 出版日期:2020-04-15 发布日期:2020-04-20
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(31401510)

Recent Progress in Understanding the Correlation between Egg Consumption and Cholesterol Homeostasis

XU Yichi, PENG Shiyi, YANG Fang   

  1. (School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China)
  • Online:2020-04-15 Published:2020-04-20

摘要: 鸡蛋是必需脂肪、氨基酸与微量元素的来源,也是高胆固醇(200~300 mg/个)食品。其膳食的增加是否会导致胆固醇吸收增加与胆固醇动态平衡的破坏,一直是人们争论的焦点。越来越多的研究最终达成共识:一般人群中膳食胆固醇和/或蛋类摄入量与心血管疾病(cardiovascular diseases,CVDs)发病率之间仅具有微弱的相关性或者不相关,鸡蛋中有功能成分调控胆固醇的吸收转运及代谢。但又引发有关新的争论,即富含磷脂的鸡蛋是否通过微生物发酵产生的代谢产物三甲胺-N-氧化物(trimethylamine-N-oxide,TMAO)促进血管动脉粥样硬化的发生与发展。本综述旨在总结胆固醇与鸡蛋的饮食建议、胆固醇代谢的稳态平衡、胆固醇与鸡蛋的相关流行病学研究、鸡蛋摄入影响胆固醇稳态的相关机制以及TMAO与CVDs相关性等方面的最新研究进展。

关键词: 鸡蛋消费, 胆固醇, 代谢平衡, 心血管疾病, 三甲胺-N-氧化物

Abstract: Egg is a source of essential fats, amino acids and trace elements with high cholesterol (200-300 mg/egg). Whether an increase in the amount of eggs in the diet will lead to an increase in cholesterol absorption and destruction of cholesterol homeostasis is always the focus of debate. A growing number of studies have consistently concluded that?there is only a weak correlation or no correlation between?dietary cholesterol and/or egg intake and?the incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs)?in the general population.?Functional ingredients in eggs may regulate the absorption, transport and metabolism of cholesterol. However, a new debate on whether phospholipid-rich eggs promote the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis by trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), a metabolic product produced by microbial fermentation, has been triggered. This review aims to summarize the latest progress in dietary recommendation of cholesterol and eggs, the homeostasis of cholesterol metabolism, epidemiological studies on cholesterol and eggs, the relative mechanism of egg intake affecting cholesterol homeostasis, and the correlation between TMAO and CVDs.

Key words: egg intake, cholesterol, metabolic balance, cardiovascular disease, trimethylamine-N-oxide

中图分类号: