食品科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (3): 276-285.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20201105-048

• 专题论述 • 上一篇    下一篇

食源性致病菌快速检测技术研究进展

王丹丹,刘鸣畅,杨艳歌,王洪越,袁飞,吴亚君,吴淑清   

  1. (1.长春大学食品科学与工程学院,吉林 长春 130022;2.中国检验检疫科学研究院,北京 100176)
  • 出版日期:2022-02-15 发布日期:2022-03-08
  • 基金资助:
    “十三五”国家重点研发计划重点专项(2018YFC1603606)

Recent Progress in Technologies for Rapid Detection of Foodborne Pathogens

WANG Dandan, LIU Mingchang, YANG Yange, WANG Hongyue, YUAN Fei, WU Yajun, WU Shuqing   

  1. (1. College of Food Science and Engineering, Changchun University, Changchun 130022, China; 2. Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China)
  • Online:2022-02-15 Published:2022-03-08

摘要: 食源性致病菌是影响食品安全的主要问题之一。建立快速的食源性致病菌检测方法对控制农产品和食品从生产、加工、运输、仓储、口岸通关到销售和消费各个环节的生物性风险至关重要。由于传统病原微生物检测耗时长且操作较繁琐,不能及时检测出食品中的病原菌。近年来随着生物技术的快速发展以及对食品安全监测要求的提高,食源性致病菌快速检测方法的研究和建立受到高度重视,但由于检测方法种类较多,缺乏统一的评价指标,难以对不同的方法进行对比。本文以目前报道较多和实现商品化应用的快速检测方法如显色培养基技术、腺苷三磷酸发光技术、免疫学技术、分子生物学技术、生物传感器技术、流式细胞技术以及光谱技术等,从食物基质、检测限、检测时间、优缺点以及是否需要预增菌/分离/富集前处理步骤等多个角度进行横向比较,总结了各类方法的基本原理、主要技术路线和关键指标参数,以期为后续相关方法的技术评价和比对提供参考。

关键词: 食品安全;食源性致病菌;快速检测技术

Abstract: Foodborne diseases are one of the main problems affecting food safety. The establishment of rapid detection methods for foodborne pathogens is essential to control the biological risks of agricultural products and foods during production, processing, transportation, storage, port customs clearance, sale and consumption. Traditional methods for detecting pathogenic microbes are time consuming and tedious and cannot detect pathogenic bacteria in foods in time. In recent years, with the rapid development of biotechnology and increasing requirements for food safety monitoring, the research and development of rapid detection methods for foodborne pathogens have gained great attention. Although there are currently various methods for detecting foodborne pathogens, unified evaluation criteria are lacking, making it difficult to compare the methods. This article reviews rapid detection technologies frequently reported in the literature and those commercially applied such as chromogenic medium, adenosine triphosphate luminescence, immunological technologies, molecular biological technologies, biosensors, flow cytometry and spectroscopy, and compares these detection methods from multiple perspectives such as food matrices, detection limits, detection time, advantages and disadvantages, as well as requirements for pre-enrichment/separation/enrichment pretreatment steps. Furthermore, the basic principles, main technical routes and key parameters of the various methods are summarized. We hope that this review can provide a reference for technical evaluation and comparison of related methods in the future.

Key words: food safety; foodborne pathogens; rapid detection technologies

中图分类号: