不同品种牛乳冰点及其与乳理化指标相关性分析

doi:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201717016

食品科学 ›› 2017, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (17): 94-100.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201717016

不同品种牛乳冰点及其与乳理化指标相关性分析

和占星1,2，黄梅芬1，赵刚1，王向东3，成玉梅4，张继才1，杨凯1，王安奎1,*

1.云南省草地动物科学研究院，云南昆明 650212；2.云南省肉牛工程技术研究中心，云南昆明 650212；3.香格里拉市畜牧兽医局，云南香格里拉 674401；4.云南省昆明市DHI检查中心，云南昆明 650041

出版日期:2017-09-15 发布日期:2017-09-12
基金资助:
公益性行业（农业）科研专项（201203008）；国家现代农业（肉牛牦牛）产业技术体系建设专项（CARS-38）

Freezing Point of Milk from Yak, Cattle-Yak and Cattle and Its Correlation with Physicochemical Properties

HE Zhanxing1,2, HUANG Meifen1, ZHAO Gang1, WANG Xiangdong3, CHENG Yumei4, ZHANG Jicai1, YANG Kai1, WANG Ankui1,*

1. Yunnan Academy of Grassland and Animal Science, Kunming 650212, China; 2. Beef Cattle Engineering and Technology Research Center of Yunnan, Kunming 650212, China; 3. Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Bureau of Shangri-La City,Shangri-La 674401, China; 4. DHI Inspection Center in Kunming of Yunnan, Kunming 650041, China

Online:2017-09-15 Published:2017-09-12

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 测定中甸牦牛（n＝38）、犏牛（n＝85）、迪庆黄牛（n＝18）和西门塔尔牛（n＝20）原乳的冰点、体细胞数、尿素氮以及脂肪、蛋白、乳糖含量等理化指标，并分析冰点与其他理化指标的相关性。结果表明：中甸牦牛、犏牛和迪庆黄牛乳的冰点分别为－0.589、－0.587 ℃和－0.582 ℃，极显著低于西门塔尔牛的－0.555 ℃（P＜0.01）；中甸牦牛、犏牛、迪庆黄牛和西门塔尔牛的乳中体细胞数分别为52.21×104、56.06×104、48.67×104 个/mL和45.45×104 个/mL，相互间比较差异不显著（P＞0.05）；中甸牦牛的乳尿素氮含量为11.70 mg/100 mL，显著高于犏牛的7.63 mg/100 mL（P＜0.05），极显著高于西门塔尔牛的4.81 mg/100 mL（P＜0.01），高于迪庆黄牛的8.51 mg/100 mL，但差异不显著（P＞0.05）。Pearson相关分析结果表明：中甸牦牛和迪庆黄牛乳的冰点与其他理化指标间无明显的相关性（P＞0.05），犏牛乳的冰点与乳脂肪含量、乳脂蛋白比和体细胞数呈极显著正相关（P＜0.01），西门塔尔牛乳的冰点与乳糖和乳非脂固形物含量呈极显著正相关（P＜0.01），与乳总固形物呈显著正相关（P＜0.05）；对全部乳样（n＝161）测定数据相关性分析结果，冰点与乳脂肪、乳蛋白、乳总固形物含量和乳脂蛋白比均呈极显著正相关（P＜0.01），与体细胞数呈显著正相关（P＜0.05）。本研究完成对中甸牦牛、犏牛和迪庆黄牛原乳的冰点、体细胞数、尿素氮的测定，可为今后制定生鲜乳收购按质论价标准提供参考。

关键词: 牛乳, 冰点, 理化指标, 相关性

Abstract: The freezing points (FP) of raw milk from Zhongdian yak (ZY, n = 38), cattle-yak (CY, n = 85), Diqing yellow cattle (DYC, n = 18) and Simmental cattle (SC, n = 20) were measured and correlated with other physicochemical properties including somatic cell count (SCC), and urea nitrogen (UN), fat, protein and lactose contents. The results showed that the milk freezing points (MFP) of ZY, CY and DYC were ?0.589, ?0.587 and ?0.582 ℃, respectively, which were significantly lower than that of SC (?0.555 ℃). The SCC in milk from ZY, CY, DYC and SC were 52.21 × 104, 56.06 × 104, 48.67 × 104 and 45.45 × 104 cells/mL, respectively, which were not significantly different from each other (P > 0.05). Milk urea nitrogen (MUN) of ZY was 11.70 mg/100 mL, which was significantly higher than that of CY (7.63 mg/100 mL, P < 0.05) and SC (4.81 mg/100 mL, P < 0.01), and higher than that of DYC (8.51 mg/100 mL, P > 0.05). No significant correlation was observed between MFP and any other physicochemical index for ZY and DYC (P > 0.05). MFP was highly positively correlated with milk fat and SCC of CY (P < 0.01), and milk lactose and non-fat solids of SC (P < 0.01), and positively correlated with milk total solids of SC (P < 0.05). The correlation between MFP and other physicochemical indexes of all 161 milk samples tested was analyzed using Pearson correlation. The results showed that significantly positive correlations between MFP and fat, lactose or total solids content (P < 0.01), and between MFP and SCC (P < 0.05) were found. The measurement of MFP, SCC and MUN in raw milk from ZY, CY and DYC can provide an important reference for pricing of fresh raw milk based on its quality in the future.

Key words: milk, freezing point, physicochemical indexes, correlation

中图分类号:

S823.9+1

和占星，黄梅芬，赵刚，王向东，成玉梅，张继才，杨凯，王安奎. 不同品种牛乳冰点及其与乳理化指标相关性分析[J]. 食品科学, 2017, 38(17): 94-100.

HE Zhanxing, HUANG Meifen, ZHAO Gang, WANG Xiangdong, CHENG Yumei, ZHANG Jicai, YANG Kai, WANG Ankui. Freezing Point of Milk from Yak, Cattle-Yak and Cattle and Its Correlation with Physicochemical Properties[J]. FOOD SCIENCE, 2017, 38(17): 94-100.

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不同品种牛乳冰点及其与乳理化指标相关性分析

Freezing Point of Milk from Yak, Cattle-Yak and Cattle and Its Correlation with Physicochemical Properties

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