胆碱肠内代谢对肠道菌群及宿主内稳态生理指标的影响

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 三甲胺(Trimethylamine, TMA)及其氧化物氧化三甲胺（Trimethylamine oxide, TMAO），作为膳食成分胆碱类化合物的代谢产物，与心脑血管疾病等代谢综合征密切相关。该文旨在研究胆碱肠内代谢及其干预过程中TMA代谢、肠道菌群结构、内稳态生理指标水平的变化规律，以胆碱膳食、阿拉伯木聚糖膳食诱导及糖酵解关键酶抑制剂干预小鼠为研究对象，通过16S rRNA、代谢组学分析、酶联免疫试剂盒测试等方法，探究了各膳食诱导及干预因素对小鼠肠道消化物中胆碱及其代谢物TMA、TMAO含量，肠道菌群组成及多样性差异，小鼠血液中血糖、脂蛋白（High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, HDL-C）、白细胞介素1（Interleukin-1, IL-1）和白细胞介素6（Interleukin-6, IL-6）、肿瘤坏死因子α（Tumor Necrosis Factor-α, TNF-α）水平宿主内稳态相关生理指标等的影响规律。研究结果表明：与胆碱膳食小鼠相比，阿拉伯木聚糖的摄入及糖酵解抑制剂诱导可显著增加肠道菌群结构物种丰富度和均匀度（P <0.05），增加有益菌的数量，显著降低消化物中TMA和TMAO的水平（P <0.05），显著降低血清中血糖、IL-1、IL-6和TNF-α水平（P <0.05），增加了脂蛋白HDL-C含量。本文相关研究成果可为胆碱代谢物诱发机体疾病新机制相关领域的研究及代谢综合征防治提供理论基础和技术支撑。

关键词: 胆碱, 三甲胺, 内稳态, 阿拉伯木聚糖, 糖酵解抑制剂

Abstract: Trimethylamine (TMA) and its oxide, trimethylamine oxide (TMAO), are metabolites of dietary choline compounds and are closely associated with metabolic syndromes such as cardiovascular diseases. This study aims to investigate the changes in physiological homeostasis indicators during the intestinal metabolism of choline and its intervention. Using mice as the research subjects, induced by choline diet, arabinoxylan diet, and glycolysis key enzyme inhibitors, the study explores the effects of various dietary inductions and interventions on the levels of choline and its metabolites TMA and TMAO in the intestinal digesta of mice, as well as the composition and diversity of intestinal microbiota, blood glucose, lipoprotein (HDL-C), interleukin-1 (IL-1) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor TNF-α in the blood of mice. Methods such as metabolomics analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits were used. The results showed that compared to the choline diet group, the intake of arabinoxylan and the induction of glycolysis inhibitors significantly increased the species richness and evenness of gut microbiota structure (P <0.05), increased the number of beneficial bacteria, reduced the levels of TMA and TMAO in the digesta (P <0.05), significantly reduced the levels of blood glucose, IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α in the serum (P <0.05), and increased the content of HDL-C. The findings of this study provide new insights for research in the field of choline metabolite-induced disease mechanisms and the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndromes.

Key words: Choline, Trimethylamine, Internal steady state, Arabinoxylan, Glycolysis inhibitor

宋雨吴迪张璐王婷张民李茜. 胆碱肠内代谢对肠道菌群及宿主内稳态生理指标的影响[J]. 食品科学, 2025, 46(4): 0-0.

Yu YuSong Lu LuZhang ting tingwang Qian Li. The impact of choline intestinal metabolism on gut microbiota and host homeostasis physiological indicators[J]. FOOD SCIENCE, 2025, 46(4): 0-0.

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