Analysis and Evaluation of Fatty Acid Composition in Cottonseed Oil

doi:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201622020

Abstract

Abstract: A total of 82 cottonseed samples from several of the main cotton cultivating regions in China were used as experimental materials for the study. Cottonseed oil was extracted by an automatic Soxhelt extractor and the qualitative and quantitative analysis of fatty acid composition in the oil were done by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography (GC), respectively. The difference in the fatty acid composition of cottonseed oil from various regions was examined and principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to screen the characteristic fatty acids in cottonseed oil. The results showed that the average oil yield of cottonseed kernels was 24.95%, ranging from 18.84% to 30.28%. Thirteen fatty acids were identified and the main compounds were linoleic acid (51.99%–60.88%), palmitic acid (18.30%–25.68%), and oleic acid (12.28%–18.50%). Unsaturated fatty acids and essential fatty acids (linoleic acid and linolenic acid) accounted for 73.62% and 57.44% of the total fatty acids, respectively. Obvious differences in the contents of each fatty acid was found among different regions except heptadecanoic acid and it showed obvious regionality. Myristic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, malvalic acid, linoleic aicd, sterculic acid, dihydrosterculic acid and arachidic acid were the characteristic fatty acids in cottonseed oil.

Key words: cottonseed oil, fatty acid, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), gas chromatography (GC), principal component analysis (PCA)

CLC Number:

TS222.1

WANG Meixia, ZHOU Dayun, MA Lei, XU Shuangjiao, WEI Shoujun, YANG Weihua, WANG Yanqin, DU Shuangkui,*. Analysis and Evaluation of Fatty Acid Composition in Cottonseed Oil[J]. FOOD SCIENCE, 2016, 37(22): 136-141.

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