食品科学 ›› 2013, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (6): 106-111.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201306023

• 工艺技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

微波辅助提取马铃薯淀粉及其特性研究

刘婷婷,宋春春,王大为*   

  1. 吉林农业大学食品科学与工程学院,吉林 长春 130118
  • 收稿日期:2012-07-25 修回日期:2012-09-13 出版日期:2013-03-25 发布日期:2013-03-01
  • 通讯作者: 王大为 E-mail:xcpyfzx@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    长春市科技计划重点项目“马铃薯高附加值综合利用关键技术研究与应用”

Microwave-Assisted Extraction and Characterization of Potato Starch

LIU Ting-ting,SONG Chun-chun,WANG Da-wei*   

  1. College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
  • Received:2012-07-25 Revised:2012-09-13 Online:2013-03-25 Published:2013-03-01

摘要: 微波辅助提取马铃薯淀粉,并对淀粉化学组成及特性进行分析。通过单因素和正交试验研究微波功率、微波时间、马铃薯破碎粒度及料水比对马铃薯淀粉提取率的影响。结果表明:各因素均对马铃薯淀粉提取率具有极显著影响;马铃薯处理量300g,在微波功率500W、微波时间4min、马铃薯破碎粒度0.246mm、料水比1:1(g/mL)时,马铃薯淀粉提取率高达93.85%,比传统方法增加6.31%。马铃薯淀粉蛋白质含量0.13%,直链淀粉含量34.60%,颗粒形状为椭圆形、扇形或圆形,平均粒径23.1μm,峰值黏度1332BU,溶解度、膨润力及透明度降低,凝沉性提高。

关键词: 马铃薯淀粉, 微波, 提取, 特性

Abstract: Potato starch was obtained by microwave-assisted extraction, and its chemical components and properties were also analyzed. The optimal extraction process parameters including microwave power, microwave treatment time, particle size and material-liquid ratio of potato starch were explored using extraction rate of potato starch as the evaluation index by single factor and orthogonal tests. All factors had obvious effect on extraction rate of potato starch. The optimal extraction process parameters included microwave power of 500 W, microwave treatment duration of 4 min, particle size of 0.246 mm and material-liquid ratio of 1:1 (g/mL). Under the optimal extraction conditions, the extraction rate of potato starch was 93.85%, which revealed an improvement by 3.85% when compared with the traditional method. The contents of protein and amylase in potato starch were 0.13% and 34.60%, respectively. The granule shape was shell or rotundity, and the average granule size was 23.1 μm. The peak viscosity of potato starch was 1332 BU. The solubility, swelling power and transparency revealed a decreasing trend whereas the sedimentation revealed an increasing trend.

Key words: potato starch, microwave, extraction, property

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