食品科学 ›› 2019, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (23): 239-245.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20181201-006

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一氧化氮熏蒸处理对甜瓜采后细胞壁代谢及黑斑病控制的影响

石玲,吴斌,敬媛媛,李亚玲,李玲,何欢,廖海慧,朱璇   

  1. (1.新疆农业大学食品科学与药学学院,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830052;2.新疆农业科学院农产品贮藏加工研究所,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830052)
  • 出版日期:2019-12-15 发布日期:2019-12-24
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目(31860462;31660478); 南京农业大学-新疆农业大学联合基金项目(KYYJ201908);2017年度新疆农业大学研究生科研创新项目(XJAUGRI2017-019)

Effects of Nitric Oxide Fumigation on Cell Wall Metabolism and Black Spot Control of Postharvest Melon

SHI Ling, WU Bin, JING Yuanyuan, LI Yaling, LI Ling, HE Huan, LIAO Haihui, ZHU Xuan   

  1. (1. College of Food Science and Pharmacy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, ürümqi 830052, China; 2. Institute of Agro-products Storage and Processing, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, ürümqi 830052, China)
  • Online:2019-12-15 Published:2019-12-24

摘要: 为探究NO熏蒸处理对甜瓜果实采后细胞壁代谢和抗病性的影响,用60 μL/L的NO熏蒸‘西州蜜25号’甜瓜3 h,常温下放置12 h后,接种交孢链格孢菌(Alternaria alternata),置于常温下贮藏,定期测定甜瓜果实接种发病率、硬度、细胞膜渗透率和原果胶、可溶性果胶、纤维素质量分数及多聚半乳糖醛酸酶(polygalacturonase,PG)、果胶甲酯酶(pectin methyl esterase,PME)和纤维素酶(cellulase,Cx)的活力,并通过扫描电子显微镜观察果实瓜皮结构变化。结果表明:采后60 μL/L NO熏蒸处理能够有效降低甜瓜果实采后病斑直径、病斑深度及发病率,维持较高的果实硬度和原果胶、纤维素质量分数,减缓细胞膜渗透率、可溶性果胶质量分数的上升,降低PG、PME、Cx活力;扫描电子显微镜结果显示NO处理能够抑制瓜皮表面气孔结构及裂纹部位菌丝的生长,较好地维持气孔结构的完整性。说明适量外源NO熏蒸处理可减缓细胞壁代谢进程,增强采后果实抗病防御能力。

关键词: 甜瓜, 细胞壁, 一氧化氮, 黑斑病, 代谢

Abstract: In order to investigate the effect of NO fumigation on cell wall metabolism and disease resistance in postharvest melons, “Xizhoumi 25” melons (Cucumis melo L. var. saccharinus cv. Xizhoumi) were fumigated with 60 μL/L nitric oxide gas for 3 h and then kept at room temperature for 12 h. The fumigated fruit were inoculated with Alternaria alternata and stored at room temperature. Disease incidence, hardness, cell membrane permeability, the contents of protopectin, soluble pectin and cellulose, and the activities of polygalacturonase (PG), pectin methyl esterase (PME) and cellulase (Cx) were regularly measured during storage, and changes in the surface structure of melon rinds was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that NO fumigation treatment could effectively reduce the lesion diameter, lesion depth and disease incidence of postharvest melons, maintain high fruit hardness and high contents of protopectin and cellulose, suppress the increase in cell membrane permeability and soluble pectin content, and reduce the activities of PG, PME and Cx. In addition, SEM results exhibited that NO treatment could inhibit the growth of mycelium in surface stomata and cracks and maintain the integrity of the stomatal structure of melon fruit. Therefore, exogenous NO fumigation treatment at appropriate concentration can delay the cell wall degradation process and enhance disease resistance in postharvest melons.

Key words: melon, cell wall, nitric oxide, black spot, metabolism

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