不同酸价米糠毛油碱炼脱酸过程甘油酯组成及3-氯丙醇酯和缩水甘油酯含量的变化

doi:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20190218-094

食品科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (6): 25-30.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20190218-094

不同酸价米糠毛油碱炼脱酸过程甘油酯组成及3-氯丙醇酯和缩水甘油酯含量的变化

刘玉兰，李泽泽，陈文彦，张家枫，马宇翔

（河南工业大学粮油食品学院，河南郑州 450001）

出版日期:2020-03-25 发布日期:2020-03-23
基金资助:
“十三五”国家重点研发计划重点专项（2016YFD0401405）

Variations in the Contents of Glycerides, 3-Chloropropanol Esters and Glycidyl Esters in Rice Bran Oil with Different Acid Values during Alkali Refining

LIU Yulan, LI Zeze, CHEN Wenyan, ZHANG Jiafeng, MA Yuxiang

(College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China)

Online:2020-03-25 Published:2020-03-23

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 对4 个不同酸价米糠毛油样品中甘一酯、甘二酯、3-氯丙醇（3-chloro-1,2-pxopanediol，3-MCPD）酯、缩水甘油酯（glycidyl fatty acid esters，GEs）以及谷维素、VE、植物甾醇和塑化剂含量进行检测，并选取酸价差别较大的2 个毛油样品进行碱炼脱酸，对碱炼脱酸油中以上指标进行检测，分析不同酸价米糠毛油在碱炼脱酸过程中成分的变化情况。结果显示：4 个不同酸价（10.34～23.86 mg/g）米糠毛油中甘油三酯质量分数为70.31%～84.62%，甘一酯和甘二酯总量质量分数为15.38%～29.69%，甘一酯和甘二酯含量随毛油酸价的升高而显著升高； 3-MCPD酯含量为1.44～1.98 mg/kg，GEs含量为0.34～0.55 mg/kg，这2 种成分与毛油酸价之间未显示出明确的相关性。对2 个酸价差别较大的米糠毛油进行碱炼脱酸后发现，甘一酯、甘二酯含量随油脂酸价降低的幅度有限，2 个油样中甘一酯和甘二酯总量平均降低仅3.27%；3-MCPD酯和GEs含量有明显下降，2 个毛油中3-MCPD酯和GEs质量分数的平均降幅分别为26.35%和33.55%，说明碱炼脱酸对3-MCPD和GEs的脱除有一定的作用。此外，碱炼过程米糠油中谷维素损失率为64%～76%，VE损失率为19.5%～29.8%，甾醇损失率为23.6%～39.3%。

关键词: 米糠油, 碱炼脱酸, 甘一酯, 甘二酯, 3-氯丙醇酯, 缩水甘油酯, 谷维素, 甾醇

Abstract: In the present study, we detected the contents of glycoester, glycidyl ester, 3-chloropropanol ester, glycidyl ester, oryzanol, vitamin E, phytosterol and plasticizer in four crude rice bran oils with different acid values, and two oils with distinct acid values were selected from these oils for alkali de-acidification. Changes in the above indicators were analyzed during alkali refining. The results showed that the contents of triglyceride in the four rice bran oils with acid values in the range of 10.34–23.86 mg/g were 70.31%–84.62%, and the total amounts of glycoester and glycidyl ester were 15.38%–29.69%, which increased significantly with the increase of acid value; the content of 3-MCPDE was 1.44–1.98 mg/kg, and the content of GEs was 0.34–0.55 mg/kg, which showed no clear correlation with acid value. After alkaline refining of the selected rice bran oils, the contents of glyceride and diglyceride decreased but only to a limited extent (on average by 3.27%) with the decrease in acid value, while the contents of 3-MCPD ester and GEs decreased significantly by 26.35% and 33.55% on average, respectively, indicating that alkaline deacidification resulted in partial removal of 3-MCPD and GEs. In addition, 64%–76% of oryzanol, 19.5%–29.8% of VE, and 23.6%–39.3% of sterol were lost during the alkali refining process.

Key words: rice bran oil, alkali deacidification, glycoester, glycidyl ester, 3-chloropropanol ester, glycidyl ester, oryzanol, sterol

中图分类号:

TS222
TS224

刘玉兰，李泽泽，陈文彦，张家枫，马宇翔. 不同酸价米糠毛油碱炼脱酸过程甘油酯组成及3-氯丙醇酯和缩水甘油酯含量的变化[J]. 食品科学, 2020, 41(6): 25-30.

LIU Yulan, LI Zeze, CHEN Wenyan, ZHANG Jiafeng, MA Yuxiang. Variations in the Contents of Glycerides, 3-Chloropropanol Esters and Glycidyl Esters in Rice Bran Oil with Different Acid Values during Alkali Refining[J]. FOOD SCIENCE, 2020, 41(6): 25-30.

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不同酸价米糠毛油碱炼脱酸过程甘油酯组成及3-氯丙醇酯和缩水甘油酯含量的变化

Variations in the Contents of Glycerides, 3-Chloropropanol Esters and Glycidyl Esters in Rice Bran Oil with Different Acid Values during Alkali Refining

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