食品科学 ›› 2019, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (14): 236-242.doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-20180822-239

• 成分分析 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同养殖区香港牡蛎的化学组成及特征气味成分分析

黄艳球,杨发明,秦小明,章超桦,林海生,高加龙   

  1. 1.广东海洋大学食品科技学院,广东 湛江 524088;2.广东省水产品加工与安全重点实验室,水产品深加工广东普通高等学校重点实验室,国家贝类加工技术研发分中心(湛江),广东 湛江 524088
  • 出版日期:2019-07-25 发布日期:2019-07-23
  • 基金资助:
    现代农业(贝类)产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-49);广东省公益研究与能力建设专项(2015B020205003)

Chemical Composition and Characteristic Odorans of Oyster (Crassostrea hongkongensis) from Different Culture Areas

HUANG Yanqiu, YANG Faming, QIN Xiaoming, ZHANG Chaohua, LIN Haisheng, GAO Jialong   

  1. 1. College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; 2. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing and Safety, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Products of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, National Research and Development Branch Center for Shellfish Processing (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang 524088, China
  • Online:2019-07-25 Published:2019-07-23

摘要: 目的:研究沿海地区不同养殖区香港牡蛎的化学组成及其特征气味成分,为香港牡蛎的加工与高值化利用提供依据。方法:测定广西钦州、广东阳江、广东湛江、广东汕头4 个养殖区香港牡蛎的一般营养成分、氨基酸、甜菜碱、重金属元素及微量元素、三磷酸腺苷及其关联化合物以及与气味相关的挥发性化合物的组成及含量。结果:钦州大蚝灰分、蛋白质和牛磺酸的含量最高,程村蚝糖原含量最高,湛江蚝水分、甜菜碱含量最高,汕头蚝脂肪和总糖含量最高;氨基酸总量最高的是钦州大蚝;5’-肌苷酸对牡蛎滋味影响最大;汕头蚝微量元素中铁、锌、铜含量最高;(E,Z)-2,6-壬二烯醛可显著影响程村蚝、钦州大蚝和湛江蚝气味,1-辛烯-3-酮可显著影响汕头蚝气味。结论:不同养殖区香港牡蛎呈味物质和挥发性成分各有特色,且营养成分、氨基酸、元素等含量有显著差异。

关键词: 香港牡蛎, 化学组成, 气味成分

Abstract: Purpose: In order to provide the basis for the processing and value-added utilization of Crassostrea hongkongensis, we analyzed the chemical composition and odor characteristics of cultured C. hongkongensis from different coastal areas in China. Methods: Nutrient components, amino acids, betaine, heavy metal elements and microelements, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and ATP-related compounds, the composition and contents of volatile odor compounds were determined in oysters from Qinzhou of Guanxi, and Yangjiang, Zhanjiang and Shantou of Guangdong. Results: The highest contents of ash, protein and taurine were found in Qinzhou oyster, the highest content of glycogen in Yangjiang oyster, the highest contents of water and betaine in Zhanjiang oyster, the highest contents of fat and total sugar in Shantou oyster , and the highest amount of amino acids in Qinzhou oyster. Inosinic acid (IMP) contributed the most to the taste of oyster, and the contents of Fe, Zn and Cu in Shantou oyster were the highest. (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal played a significant role in the characteristic odor of Chengcun, Qinzhou and Zhanjiang oysters, whereas 1-octen-3-one was found to be the most important volatile odor substance in Shantou oyster. Conclusion: The flavor and volatile components of C. hongkongensis varied among different culture areas, with significant differences being found in the contents of nutrients, amino acids and elements.

Key words: Crassostrea hongkongensis, chemical composition, odor components

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